DEFENSIVE BUILDINGS

Each Ksar, has a distinguished defensive system. In addition to the famous wall of Béni-Isguen, which is the first classed monument in Mzab on 1957, we will quote the front of the Ksar of Bounoura and the bulwark of Ghardaia. There are also garlanded ford towers, throughout the valley, some dwellings in the environment and the palm groves, including the famous gateway cities. The whole constitutes with the minaret of the mosque an integrated defensive system.

The next step after choosing the location of the city, is establishing the delimitation of its walls. These are interspersed with gateways and towers. The walls foreshadowed the outlines of the city. Once the houses walls were, in part, an element of defense infrastructure.

The cities are protected by ramparts and walls of houses, as well as defense watchtowers. The enclosure was monitored by  bordj(tower)-shaped doors, forming the end point of the streets.